ABSTRACT
RESUMEN: Staphylococcus aureus es un patógeno importante responsable de una variedad de enfermedades infecciosas. La emergencia de cepas resistentes a la meticilina es un tema preocupante. Existen escasos estudios que hayan reportado la resistencia de cepas aisladas de la cavidad bucal. Determinar la sensibilidad antimicrobiana de cepas de Staphylococcus aureus aisladas de mucosa bucal de portadores asintomáticos jóvenes peruanos. Se incluyeron 64 individuos a quienes se tomaron muestras de mucosa oral, mucosa nasal y de manos. Las muestras fueron cultivadas en agar manitol salado. La prueba coagulasa fue empleada para confirmar la presencia de Staphylococcus aureus. Luego se realizó el antibiograma usando el método de Kirby-Bauer. La prevalencia de colonias positivas de S. aureus provenientes de la mucosa oral, mucosa nasal y de la palma de la mano fue 7,8 %, 15,6 % y 50,0 %, respectivamente. En todas las muestras, se observaron una prevalencia de sensibilidad menor de 40 % y 11 % a la eritromicina y penicilina, respectivamente. Las colonias de la mucosa oral mostraron resistencia a la penicilina. En todas las muestras, se observó una prevalencia de sensibilidad ³ 60% en amoxicilina/ácido clavulánico, co-trimoxazol, gentamicina, oxacilina, ciprofloxacino, vancomicina y ampicilina/sulbactam. Se encontró resistencia a vancomicina en un 10 - 20 % de todas las muestras. Se encontró una alta prevalencia en la sensibilidad a amoxicilina/ácido clavulánico, gentamicina, cotrimoxazol, oxacilina, ciprofloxacino y ampicilina/sulbactam. Se encontró un elevado porcentaje de resistencia a la vancomicina en muestras de mucosa oral en comparación a otros estudios.
ABSTRACT: Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen responsible for a variety of infectious diseases. The increase of resistant strains is an issue of concern. There are very few studies reporting the resistant strains isolated from oral cavity. Aim: To determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from oral mucosa of Peruvian young healthy carriers. The study included 64 healthy individuals whose oral mucosa, nasal mucosa and hand swabs were collected and seeded in salt mannitol agar for primary isolation. Then, coagulase test was performed to confirm the presence of Staphylococcus aureus. After that, colonies of Staphylococcus aureus underwent antibiogram by using the Kirby Bauer method. The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus positive strains isolated from oral mucosa, nasal mucosa, and hand, was 7.8 %, 15.6 %, 50.0 %, respectively. There was less than 40 % and 11 % of prevalence of susceptibility to erythromycin and penicillin, respectively, in the three studied samples. There was equal or more than 60% of prevalence of susceptibility to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cotrimoxazole, gentamicin, oxacillin, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin and ampicillin/sulbactam in all the studied samples. Vancomycin resistance was found in 10 - 20 % of all samples. A high prevalence in susceptibility to amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid, gentamicin, co-trimoxazole, oxacillin, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin and ampicillin /sulbactam in healthy carriers was found. Vancomycin resistance percentage is higher than previous reports.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective: To identify proteins associated with the formation of Streptococcus gordonii and Fusobacterium nucleatum biofilms. Material and Methods: Biofilms composed of two bacterial species, S. gordonii and F. nucleatum, were cultured for 1, 4, 7, and 10 days. The presence of both species was confirmed via amplification of the srtA and radD genes using real-time PCR. The concentrations of proteins associated with the biofilms and individual species were quantified using Western blotting. Results: The protein profiles of S. gordonii and F. nucleatum from individual cultures determined using one-dimensional electrophoresis revealed proteins found in S. gordonii and in F. nucleatum. Ct and reciprocal Ct values were determined for the exposed S. gordonii and F. nucleatum biofilms. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) protein was detected in biofilms and F. nucleatum, whereas HSP40 protein was present only in biofilms after 7 and 10 days of formation. Conclusion: HSP40 was detected only in the formed biofilms; thus, HSP40 is an essential proteins for adhesion.